answering technique for science

1. 1 Manipulate variable

It refers to a parameter/factor/measurement/quantity physic /value such mass, height, weight, size, times, number of, types, colour, shapes, volume of, speed, temperatures etc. that can be change, used or can be effected to the result of an experiment

Finding variable

1.1 Manipulated variable/thing that change

- during the experiment: material/factor that we can control/any parameter that different in each other/give an effect toward an experiment

1.2 Respond variable/thing that measure

- After the experiment: products of the experiment/the parameter that had been measured, finding, record, change of the value, and / result of and experiment

1.3 Constant/thing that kept the same/fix

- material factor kept the same through the experiment/the same parameter that do not give any effected to an experiment

Manipulated variable or thing that change and Respond variable or thing that measure have to identify/record/collect from the experiment/question. In order to determine it, it has to refer to the topic or assignment from the experiment/question.To write the variable, it must include the parameter and object.e.g.: mass (parameter), ball (object) Before writing the answer, the uncountable/countable noun has to be used in order to show the parameter.

Parameter

1. the presence of 11. the volume of 21. the distance of

2. the temperature of 12. the quantity of 22

3. the number of 13. the amount of 23

4. the size of 14. the condition of health 24

5. the shape of 15. the thickness of 25

6. the length of 16. the effect of

7. the height of 17. the type of

8. the weight of 18. the material of

9. the mass of 19. the strength of

10.the area of 20. the time taken for/t

2. Making hypothesis

Any general statement / opinion/ assumtion. To a logical phenomena/ scenario/ scene / situation The validity of the hypothesis is yet known It may be true or false. In order to determine it, the hypothesis must be test by experiment. Any result/relationship/conclusion/summaries are the truth hypothesis that had been test and examinees by experiment.

Hypothesis sentences must involve the interaction/related to the manipulated variable and respond variable and the volume of change had been expected (increases/ decreases) A tentative theory about the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena; "a scientific hypothesis that survives experimental testing becomes a scientific theory".

Question that test on hypothesis

2.1 With the increase/decrease in a certain manipulated variable they will be an increase/decrease in responding variable ( comparing on same thing.)

2.2 if there is a manipulated variable, then the respond variable (different)

2.3 The more manipulated variable, and more respond variable (different

3. Making observations

Any of the observation, result from experiment, the different from the experiment/ situation, the effect that had been change, then had been compare on some thing. Phenomena/ experiment/ graph/ chart/schedule/sentences by using 5 senses

Any observation had been made on something extreme having unique/ special or interesting characteristic. An observation is referring to the respond variable/result. Any statement on observation must transform data sentences and it cannot be taken from graph/sentences/chart / stand question.

Question on making observation

3.1 The…..responding variable…. toward ……manipulated variable

3.2 If …….responding variable… then ….. Manipulated variable

4. Making inferences

Any logical statements and reasons/conclusions/…… had been made by observation before that (experiment/grouping work/…..)On the phenomena the reasoning involve in drawing a conclusion or making a logical judgment on the basis of circumstantial evidence and prior conclusions rather a logical process of drawing conclusions from a collection of data and relationships between data and potential conclusions

The inference had divided into 2 groups

4.1 Uncontrolled inferences: any reason/ cause had been collect/ receive from the acknowledge/reading/past experiential must be logic.

4.2 Controlled/fix inferences: any reason/ very clear cause get from the rigid answer. (Inferences must be referred to the manipulated variable) the answer must be based on the question given and the answer only have one answer.

If there is 1 sample the answering must be made by making comparison

Question that test on making inference

1. the responding variable... because.. the manipulated variable

For one sample

2. the …responding variable…. must be…. the manipulated variable

3 more …responding variable….than…. the manipulated variable

4 more…responding variable…. from…. the manipulated variable

5. Making prediction

Any prediction/suggestion/…… logical from fact/concept on any possibilities that can be happen on the future, and the result was not been shown in any data that had been collect. The prediction must be based on the data and analysis data/information that had been collect. The prediction can be explorations on number or scene.

5.1 question on prediction

The ….responding variable …and … (situation/scene)

Increase/decrease from….Number…./ any number than …. (Number)

…..number…. ……will…..(reason)

……Give the observation……then …..State the reason…..

6. Interpretation data

The skill of report/transferring data that had been collect from graph/schedule/ chart /etc…that give the information of statement/ translation data/ that logic onphomemena/observation /eksperiment/variable/ satatemen/conclution/etc.skill of using and transfer language is important in presenting the result. Form of assignment/question:-

6.1 Question that test on pattern / trend of change

Increase/decrease

6.2 Question that test on objective questions that ask aim/ experiment

Explore the influence of manipulated variable toward to respond variable

explore the relationship between manipulated variable and responding variable

to investigates the relationship between Manipulate variable and respond variables

to responds the influence of manipulated variable toward to respond variable

6.3 question that test in identifying relationship between two variables

With the increase/decrease in a certain manipulated variable they will be an increase/decrease in responding variable

6.4 question that test on making conclusion

Similar to making hypothesis or making statement based finding from the experiments

6.5 question test on statement

to explore the relationship between Manipulate variable and respond variables

any statement can determine the observation/conclution on the effect of the presenting data and graph